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Naval Warfare
Pentagon requests industry support to address issues with low-cost undersea effectors
22nd July 2025
The US Pentagon Defence Innovation Unit (DIU) will award OTAs for small and medium affordable uncrewed underwater vehicles. Companies can submit their solution until 24 July.
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Land Warfare
Italy aims for $26 billion vehicle investment and prepares for cyber defence
3rd February 2025
Italy’s Armoured Infantry Combat System (AICS) system began seven years ago in an effort to replace older vehicles such as M113s and the force is also looking to replace its C1 Ariete Main Battle Tanks (MBTs).
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Land Warfare
Leopard MBT: Alpha beast gets a reboot (updated 2025)
6th March 2025
Leopard MBTs are German-made main battle tanks that have been in service since the Cold War and have undergone several upgrades to remain competitive in modern warfare. This article traces the history and development of the Leopard 1 and 2, its variants, its operational service and its future prospects.
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Air Warfare
Avalon 2025: Innovaero unveils loitering munitions and makes case for involvement in guided weapons programme
27th March 2025
Innovaero has had local success with its One-Way Loitering (OWL) electric-powered kamikaze drone which is believed to be in service with the Australian Army. The company, however, is eyeing potential involvement in the Australian Government’s Guided Weapon Explosive Ordnance (GWEO) plan to push local industry.
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Air Warfare
Why the F-16 fighter jet remains a force to be reckoned with (updated 2025)
10th February 2025
The Lockheed Martin F-16 fighter jet remains in the limelight more than 40 years after its first flight. Shephard sums up the latest developments and details everything you need to know about the aircraft in 2025.
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Air Warfare
Spanish Army’s VAMTAC drone acquisition progresses ongoing UAV investment
16th June 2025
Spain has made clear its intent to acquire a range of uncrewed aerial systems (UAS), including those that will form part of its wider VAMTAC programme, announced in June 2025.
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Naval Warfare
Royal Canadian Navy will start operating class 2 UAVs in 2028
10th September 2025
Acquired under Canada’s Department of National Defence ISTAR UAS project, the drones will be deployed from the Halifax-class frigates.
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Air Warfare
AUSA 2025: Lockheed Martin conducts first ground-based demo of JAGM Quad Launcher
13th October 2025
The first live-fire demonstration of the Joint Air-to-Ground Missile Quad Launcher was tested against a ground vehicle, with further tests against a UAS target planned for the system next month.
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Air Warfare
Next generation jammers ordered for Royal Australian Air Force and US Navy Growlers
19th May 2025
The order includes jammers for Australian EA-18G Growler electronic attack aircraft follows an order for deployment on US Navy Growlers in December last year and an announcement in March that full-rate production was near.
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Air Warfare
Indian defence budget boosted by 9% as MoD heralds a “year of reforms”
7th February 2025
This new budget announcement, which has an increased focus on domestic procurement, comes as international countries arrive ahead of Aero India 2025.
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Air Warfare
UK MoD “getting a grip” of budgets as three UK air programmes slip into the red
23rd January 2025
The E-7 Wedgetail, Future Combat Air System and the Protector programmes were highlighted as items of concern from a recently published UK Infrastructure and Projects Authority report.
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Air Warfare
Regent’s Viceroy targets “early March” for US Marine-aided sea trials
11th February 2025
The sea trials will focus on de-risking the seaglider with US Marine involvement after Regent signed a partnership to help develop the prototype, against a backdrop of growing military interest from the UK and Japan.
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Defence Notes
US Africa Command targets logistic solutions
12th August 2025
AFRICOM is seeking IT systems and supply chain management solutions to enhance interoperability and standardise logistical processes in its area of responsibility.
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Land Warfare
Israel ramps up Arrow-4 development following Iranian attack
19th April 2024
Israel’s Ministry of Defense has fast-tracked the development of the Arrow-4 ballistic missile interceptor in response to recent Iranian ballistic missile attacks.
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Land Warfare
Sweden and Ireland to send air defence radars to Ukraine
25th February 2025
Sweden has committed to donating Tridon Mk2 air defence systems to Ukraine while Ireland is looking to send older Giraffe 4 radar systems mounted on Bv206 carriers. The two systems can be integrated with RBS70 surface-to-air missile systems.
Programme Results - Defence Insight
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Fighter - multirole
J-10 [Pakistan]
Programme Background A video clip released by the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) disclosed that a deal to acquire the J-10 from China was signed on 25 ...
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APCs/IFVs - tracked
CV90 [Czech Republic]
Programme Background The Czech Republic has been working on modernising its mechanised units at least since 2017, when the country launched its "Tracked IFV" programme ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - MALE
MALE Combat Drones [Thailand]
Programme Background Roadmap In February 2024, the RTAF unveiled its White Paper 2024. Incorporating lessons from the Russo-Ukrainian War, the Israel-Hamas War, and other events ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - MALE
Anka-S (Second Batch) [Turkey]
Programme Background First Batch Based on comments by Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) and Turkish media in 2018, Shephard believes that Türkiye acquired 26 Anka-S drones ...
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Main battle tanks
Viatura Blindada de Combate-Carro de Combate (VBC-CC) [Brazil]
Programme Background Several key technical requirements have been outlined by the Brazilian MoD. Among the most important are that the platform should weigh less than ...
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APCs/IFVs - 8x8
Boxer (MIV) [UK]
Programme Background History The UK MoD announced in March 2018 that it would re-join the Boxer programme and pursue a sole-source acquisition of the 8x8 ...
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Loitering munitions
Medium Range Precision Strike (MRPS) [UK]
Programme Background Prior Information Notice (PIN) On 21 October 2024, the MoD published a PIN in collaboration with the Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S;). The notice ...
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Military helicopters - transport/heavy lift
NH90 Special Forces [France]
Programme Background In French service, advanced H225M Caracals with aerial refuelling capabilities are used by SOF units of the French Air Force (FAF) and French ...
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Military UAS - fixed-wing, Military UAS - MALE
MQ-9A Reaper [Spain]
Programme Background First Contract The US State Department approved a Foreign Military Sale (FMS) of MQ-9 Block 5 aircraft and associated parts, equipment, and logistical ...
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MPVs - 4x4
JLTV [Slovenia - 2nd Batch]
Programme Background Slovenia began its procurement of Oshkosh Defence's JLTV 4x4 armoured vehicle in 2018, although a US government FMS contract was not signed until ...
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Loitering munitions
Echelon 1: Ground Organic Precision Strike Systems (GOPSS) [USSOCOM]
Programme Background Requirements The US Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) has made loitering capabilities a priority in its efforts to support counter-violent extremist organization (C-VEO) operations ...
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LRSS
Programme Background The LRSS programme will meet the Canadian Army's need for a long-range on-the-move digital surveillance system mounted on the LAV 6.0 8x8 armoured ...
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Light attack, Trainer
L-39NG Senegal
The aircraft will feature five hard-points, two external fuel tanks with 350 lt capacity, Mk 81 and Mk 82 bombs, guided and unguided rockets, single ...
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Military helicopters - maritime
MH-60R Seahawk (Saudi Arabia)
The sale is aimed at improving Saudi Arabia’s capability to meet current and future threats from enemy weapon systems, provide the capability to identify, engage ...
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Loitering munitions
Echelon 2: Ground Organic Precision Strike Systems (GOPSS) [USSOCOM]
Programme Background Requirements The U.S. Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) has made loitering capabilities a priority in its efforts to support counter-violent extremist organization (C-VEO) operations and ...
Equipment Results - Defence Insight
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
CRATOS
The Clip-On Ruggedized Advanced Thermal Optical Sight (CRATOS) is a miniaturised all-in-one thermal weapon sight designed for handheld, clip-on or stand-alone use.
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
HuntIR Mk 2
The HuntIR Mk 2 thermal weapon and reconnaissance sight is designed for clip-on use on mid- and long-range small arms. The standalone weapon sight has ...
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
XACT th family
The XACT thermal weapon sight product family includes: the XACT th64 short/medium-range weapon-mounted or handheld sight; the XACT th65 clip-on marksman sight; and the XACT ...
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
CNVD-T
The Clip-On Night Vision Device-Thermal (CNVD-T) is a handheld or weapon-mounted thermal sight based on the military SU-232/PAS.
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
UTCx
The UTCx (Universal Thermal Clip-on) sight is a universal thermal clip-on to existing weapon sights, currently fielded by the US military and supporting long-range sniper ...
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
AN/PAS-13G(V)1 LWTS
The AN/PAS-13G(V)1 Light Weapon Thermal Sight (LWTS) is a handheld or weapon-mounted thermal sight. The TI capability of the LWTS allows for longwave infrared observation ...
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
TISI-M
Designed for assault and sharpshooter rifles, SMGs and machine guns, the TISI-M is a lightweight uncooled thermal day and night weapon sight which can be ...
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
AN/PVS-30
The AN/PVS-30 is a long-range thermal clip-on sniper night sight. The sight is able to extend the range of engagement by up to 1,000m and ...
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
Lily-L
The Lily-L clip-on thermal sight for long-range sniper weapons can be mounted on a Picatinny rail in front of a day scope. It is designed for ...
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Weapon sights for night use (image intensifiers)
MilSight S135 MUNS
The MilSight S135 Magnum Universal Night Sight (MUNS) AN/PVS-27 is a high-resolution clip-on weapon sight that mounts forward of an existing scope, adding NV capabilities ...
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
ThermoSight HISS-XLR
The HISS extended long-range (XLR) clip-on thermal weapon sight allows snipers to detect and recognise man-sized targets at up to 2,000m, offering a 25% increase ...
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
MUNSTI
The MUNSTI uncooled thermal imaging clip-on sight is compact and lightweight, designed for use in front of a day optical sight. It is suitable for ...
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Individual grenade launchers
UBGL
The single-shot 40mm Under-Barrel Grenade Launcher (UBGL) can be attached to most modern assault weapons using a MIL-STD-1913 Picatinny rail system. The breech is swung ...
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Sniper rifles
Dan.338
IWI launched the Dan.338, the first of a new family of bolt-action sniper rifles, at the Eurosatory 2014 exhibition. Chambered for .338 Lapua Mag ammunition, ...
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Weapon sights for night use (thermal imaging)
TVC 60
The TVC 60 is a clip-on thermal weapon sight designed to be used in conjunction with a magnified day optic. The shooter relies on the ...
